![]() These forces are normally balanced in such a manner that fluid volume remains relatively constant between the compartments. The movement of fluid and accompanying solutes between compartments (mostly water, electrolytes, and small molecular weight solutes) is governed by physical factors such as hydrostatic and oncotic forces. The extravascular compartment is made up of many subcompartments such as the cellular, interstitial, and lymphatic subcompartments, and a specialized system containing cerebrospinal fluid in the central nervous system. Fluid and electrolytes readily move between these two compartments. The extravascular system is everything outside of the intravascular compartment. There are two primary fluid compartments in the body between which fluid is exchanged - the intravascular and extravascular compartments.The intravascular compartment contains fluid (i.e., blood) within the cardiac chambers and vascular system of the body. To understand how edema occurs, it is first necessary to explain the concept of tissue compartments. General principlesĪ 38-minute lecture on this topic (including linked pages) can be viewed by clicking on Capillary Fluid Exchange. Edema, however, can also comprise an entire limb, specific organs such as the lungs (e.g., pulmonary edema) or the whole body. Edema can be highly localized as occurs in a small region of the skin subjected to a bee sting. ![]() Edema refers to the swelling of a tissue that results from excessive accumulation of fluid within the tissue.
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